ESP8266 driving relay with P MOSFET amplifier

Customer:

I need a detailed explanation of how to use a P-channel MOSFET as a voltage and current amplifier to drive a relay from an ESP8266 MOD 07 output pin. I’d also like to understand the difference between P-channel and N-channel MOSFETs, and between PNP and NPN transistors.

Original message (Croatian)

Poštovani, kao nastavak na današnji poziv, vezan za p-kanalni tranzistor koji će u konačnici služiti kao pojačivač napona i struje iz izlaza pina esp8266 mod 07 na relay koji je bez svog modula, želio bih detaljno pojašnjenje, te bih molio objašnjenje razlike između p-kanalnih i n-kanalnih tranzistora te PNP i NPN tranzistora.

Originally submitted via email support on 24 January 2018. Migrated to the forum for community visibility.

Soldered Support:

Use a P MOSFET to handle the current and voltage needed to drive the relay. You’re not literally amplifying the voltage and current—you’re using the MOSFET to switch a 5V power supply on when the ESP8266 pin sends a signal to do so.

Always use a diode across the relay coil as shown in the schematic.

5V power comes from USB or a similar source.

Connect the ESP8266 signal to the GATE of the MOSFET (the top part of the resistor).

For more information:

Original message (Croatian)

hvala na upitu.

Trebate koristiti P MOSFET kako biste povećali struju i napon. Ne povećavate ih doslovno, nego samo spajate 5V napajanje kada MOSFET dobije signal od ESP8266 da to napravi. Shema slijedi u prilogu
Obavezno koristite diodu na releju, kako je i prikazano
5V napajanje je od USBa ili slično.
Na GATE mosfeta(gornji dio otpornika) priključujete signal s ESP8266

Ovdje pročitajte što je relej i kako radi: https://e-radionica.com/hr/blog/2017/12/10/kkm-relej/#UVOD
O MOSFETIMa čitajte ovdje: Nauči – Soldered Electronics
ili pogledajte našu Croduino lekciju gdje se objašnjavaju i NPN/PNP te MOSFETI: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2G8LfYueOag

Attachment omitted in migration: Screen Shot 2018-01-26 at 08.40.55.png